Wrench



Seph 118 E923.

W. O. VIVARTTAS WRENCH Filed June 4. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Sept. 1s, w23; 1,468,529

W. O. VIVARTTAS WRENCH Fiied June 4, 1921 2 sheets-sheet 2 /NVENTO Patented Sept. 18, 1923.

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WILLIAM O. VIVARTTAS, 0F WEEHAWKEN, NEN J VIRENCH.

Application led June 4,

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM O. VIVART- TAS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of 'Veehawken, county of Hudson, State of New Jersey7 have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a .Vrench, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Among the principal objects which the present invention has in view are: to provide a tool of the character mentioned which is light and durable; to provide a tool of the character mentioned readily and easily transported; to provide atool of the character mentioned operable with one hand only; 'and to simplify and cheapen the construction.

Drawings.

Figure 1 is a side view of a Stillson wrench constructed and arranged in ac cordance with the present inventiontthe tool being shown in closed, inactive position;

Figure. 2 is a similar View sho-wing the tool in its open, active position;

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section or" the tool;

Figure 4 is a view of the developed blank from which the handle is constructed;

Figure 5 is a detail view in side elevation showing` the gripping jaw;

Figure 6 is a cross section of the construction shown in Figure 1, the section being taken as on the line G- in said figure.

Figure 7 is a longitudinal section showing a modified form ot' the invention, the section being taken as on the line 7-7 in Figure 9:

lFigure 8 is an end view of the handle bar of the modified form of the wrench;

VFigure 9 is a section of the tool, the section being taken ,as on the line 9 9 in Figure 7 Figure 10 is a `section taken as `on the line 10-10 in Figure 7;

Figure 11 is a sectional viewv showing a tool provided with three gripping jaws,` the section being taken in approximately the same plane as Figure 10. Y

Descrip tion.

As seen in the drawings, the handle 11 is preferably constructed from a sheet metal stamping, cut asshown in Figure 4. Simulwith the aw 1G; and to accommodate the sec- 1921. Serial No. 475,024.

taneously with the cutting of the blank the perforations 12 aie punched therein, which subsequently form bearings for the hinge pin 13, the said perforations being aligned when the sides et' the handle 11 are bent up on the lines le' shown in Figure l. Coincident with the cutting of the plate and with the punching of the perforations 12, the plate haspushed forward small bosses 15, which approximate and form an abutment against which the jaw 16 swings, to be thereby arrested in closed position, as shown in Figures 1 and 3 of the drawings.

Coeval with the formation ci the parts above mentioned, the die strikes up a tongue 17; which is engaged by one end of the pull spring 18. rlhe jaw 16 is cut from metal of heavier gauge than the handle 11. It is shaped to form an inner toothed jaw section 19 and an angularly disposed outer toothed jaw section 19 at the free end of the jaw. A bearing perforation 20 is punched at the opposite end of the jaw, and adjacent thereto a tongue 21 is punched and turned in to reduce the metal for engaging the looped end of the spring 18. so

Vihen the sides of the handle 11 are upturnedon the lines 14, an open channel 22 is formed between the said sides. The 16 is slipped between the liared ends of the said sides, until the perforation 20 aligns with the perforations 12. The hinge pin 13 is then extended through the said perforations, and is bent over as shown in Figures 2 and 3.

The spring 18 is then engaged with the tongue 21, and is drawn back until the loop at the opposite end thereof can be passed over the tongue 17. The tool is now ready forservice. When thus constructed and arranged it will be seen that if pressure is applied to the enlarged nose 23 of the jaw 16, it rotates on the hinge pin 13 to a position where a rod, such as indicated in the Vdi'avings Yby the letter A. passes between the section 19 and the cam edges 24 oi' the handle.

The edges 24 are plaited from the center of the lperjl'orations 12, to provide gripping edges which are cam-shaped to co-operate tion 19 thereof, for operating on pipes or rods of various diameters.

It is obvious that when the Jaws 1G and the section 19 thereof engage the rod A, the jaw and section 19 will slide freely in a contra-clockwise direction about the said rod. lVlien, however, pressure is imparted to the handle 16 in a clockwise direction, the teeth of the section 19 grip the rod A and retain the same while the cam surfaces 24 operate wedge-wise upon the rod, forcing the same into closer contact with the section 19, the surface passing between the said surfaces wedging between the Din 13 and the `section 19. The result of this operation is to firmly grip the rod A to permit the same to be rotated clockwise.

Vhen the handle 16 is moved contraclockwise, the ope ation o1 the cam surface 24: is the reverse of that set forth, with the effect that the grip on the rod A is primarily lessened, which promotes the release of the rod by the teeth of the section 19.

From the foregoing it is obvious that the tool, though light in weight, is exceedingly strong, all of the stresses being placed upon the metal of the handle 11 and o1' the jaw 16, in line with the largest dimensions of the said handle and jaw.

Y In Figures 5 to 11 of the drawings I have shown a modified form of the invention, the modification consisting principally in the employment of a plurality of jaws 16. The back of the handle 11 is widened to accommodate the added number of jaws 16, and of partition blades 25, which are interleaved between the jaws 16. rlhe partitions 25 are threaded on the hinge pin 13, and are held in service position by a bolt 26. Threaded over the bolt 26 arespacing thimbles 27, against which the jaws 16. strike. The thimbles rotate to form efficient wear members.

lVhen constructing the modified form of the invention a plurality of the tongues 1T are 4formed to engage an equal number of the springs 1S. Ilach jaw is provided with an independent spring 18, so that the closing action of each jaw is independent of the others. This action, as it is obvious, adapts the tool for grasping work having an unequal surface.

The partitions 25 are preferably shaped in correspondence with the cam edges 2g of the handle 11, and cooperate therewith, and with the jaws 16, to augment the gripping surface of the tool.

In Figures 9 and 10 of the drawings I have shown the modified form of the tool as employingl two jaws 16 and one partition 25. In Figure 11 I have shown the tool as employing three of the said jaws and two of the said partitions. It will, however, be understood that, if desired, a greater `number of jaws and partitions may be employed. As each of the jaws is independently expansible, and is 'independently operated upon, the jaws readily accommodate themselves to irregularities in the surface of the said object, and thereby take a firmer hold on such objects having irregular surfaces.

1. A wrench comprising an elongated handle. having a channel coextensive therewith and opening through one side'of the same, gripping faces formed at the opposite sides of said channel at one end of said handle, a swinging jaw pivoted at one end within said channel, and adapted to have its free end projected inwardly of said channel when in closed position, a coiled spring housed at all times wit-hin said channel and acting to maintain said Vjaw in'normally closed position, and a stop for limiting the closing movement ofsaid jaw.

2. A wrench comprising an elongatedV handle having a channel coextensive there with and opening through one side of the same, an enlargement formed atY-one end of said handle, grippingl faces formed on said enlargement at the opposite sides ofthe channel in its lpassage therethrough, a swinging jaw pivoted at one end within the channel and cooperative with the gripping faces of said enlargement, a coiled spring housed at all times within said channel and acting to maintain said jaw in normally closed position, the free end of said jaw pro jected inwardly of said channel when disposed iii its closed position, and said jaw having an enlarged portion at its free end formed at its inner edge-to provide an angnlarly disposed toothed jaw section, said jaw being adapted to project inwardly of said channel when in closed position, a stop extending across said channel within said enlargement for limiting the closingmovement of said jaw.

3. A wrench comprising an elongated handle having a channel coextensive therewith and opening through one side ofthe same, an enlargement formed at one end of said handle and havingsaid channel extend- .ing therethrough, gripping faces formed on said enlargement at the oppositesides oi' said channel, said gripping faces being shaped toa constantly diminishing curveinwardly fromthe outer end of said enlarge-- ment, a swinging jaw pivoted at one end within said channel and `-atthe outer end of said enlargement for cooperation with the said 1 gripping faces of `-the latter, a coiled spring housedV at all times within said channel and acting to maintain saidjaw in .non mallyclosed position, Aand a stop disposed within said; channel for limiting the closing movement of said jaw; Y Y

1. A wrench comprising an elongated handle having a channel` coextensive there-Y with and Vopening through one side of the same, gripping faces formed at -the opposite sides ofsaid ,channelat' 4one-endxof. said handle., a swinging jaw formed of a plurality of sections mounted on aA common pivot Within said channel and cooperative With the Vsaid gripping faces of Vsaid handle, coiled springs housed at all times within said channel andq acting to maintain said jaw sections in normally closed position, and a stop for lilmiting the closing movements of said j aW sections.

5. A Wrench comprising an elongated channeled handle; a hook-like gripping aw pivotally mounted between the sides thereof, adjacent one end of said handle; a plurality of rests for the object being operated upon by said Wrench, the contact surfaces of said rests being equally eccentric to the pivot of said jaw; a spring operatively con necting said jaw and said handle for normally -closing said jaw on said handle; means for connecting said spring With said jaw, said means embodying a hook member integrally formed on said jaw for extension between the pivot and free end thereof; and means for attaching the opposite end of said spring to said handle, said means embodying a hook-like member integrally formed with said handle and upset therefrom for extension into the channel of said handle.

6. A Wrench comprising an elongated handle having a channel coextensive therewith and opening through one side of the same, gripping faces formed at the opposite sides Of said channel at one end of said handle,A a swinging jaw formed of a plurality of sections mounted on a common pivot Within said channel at one end of said handle and cooperative With the said gripping faces of the latter, said jaw sections being adapted for independent pivotal movements whereby to effect a simultaneously gripping action on objects having uneven surfaces, coiled springs housed at all times Within said channel and acting to maintain said jaw sections in normallyY closed position, and a stop for limiting the closing movements of said jaw sections.

VILLIAM O. VVARTTAS. 

